Red Hat Training and Certification - RHEL 8/9 (RH134) 2025

Key tasks needed to become a full time Linux Administrator and to validate those skills via the Red Linux System.

This training module is not authorized or affiliated with Red Hat, Inc. It is an independent educational resource designed to help learners prepare for the Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA) exam.

This course is part of the Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA) learning path and corresponds to RH134 – Red Hat System Administration II.

The Red Hat System Administration II (RH134) course focuses on essential tasks required to become a full-time Linux administrator  and to validate those skills through the Red Hat Certified System Administrator exam.

This course goes deeper into Enterprise Linux administration, including file systems, partitioning, logical volumes, SELinux, firewalls, and troubleshooting.

• Part 1: Newly added lectures based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 (RH134)

• Part 2: Original lectures based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 (RH134)

Part 1: Course Content

Red Hat Training and Certification - RHEL 9 (RH134)

Section 1: Introduction to Red Hat Training and Certification – RHEL 9 (RH134)

• Introduction about the course module

Section 2: Lab Setup for Practice - RHCSA

• Standard Installation of RHEL 9

• Create a Red Hat Network (RHN) account - Red Hat Login ID

• Download the Latest Version of RHEL 9.4

• Download and Install Oracle VirtualBox

• Overview of Oracle VirtualBox

• Create a template of RHEL9 VM

• Create a template for a RHEL 9 virtual machine

• Adjust Settings using the RHEL9 Template

• Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4

• Continue - Installation of RHEL 9

• Access RHEL 9 from a Windows machine

• Install and set up MobaXterm software

• Allow a user to execute any commands using visudo.

• sudo access

• Set up a local Yum server

Section 2: Improve command-line productivity

• Write simple bash scripts

• Execute a bash shell script

• Quote special characters

• Lab- variable & special characters

• echo command

• Lab- echo command

• Lab- redirection operator ">"

• Lab- redirection stderr, append "2>", ">>"

• Loops to iterate commands

• Exit codes in bash script

• Lab- exit code number

• Lab- exit code in bash script

• Test logic

• Conditional structure-if, else, elif..

• Lab- if, else

• Lab- if, elif

• Grep command

• Regular expressions

• Lab- Match the start and end of a line using "^" & "$"

Section 3:Schedule future tasks

• Schedule deferred user tasks

• Inspect and manage deferred user jobs

• Lab1- at command

• Lab2- at command

• Recurring user jobs

• Examples- Recurring user jobs

• Lab- crontab(Recurring user jobs)

• Lab 1- Schedule a script via crontab

• Lab 2- Schedule a script via crontab

• Recurring system jobs

• Run periodic commands with Anacron

• System timer

• Lab- system timer

• Managing temporary files

• Cleaning temporary files with a systemd timer

• Lab 1- Managing temp files

• Lab 2- Managing temp files

Section 4: Tune system performance

• Adjust tuning profiles

• Managing Profiles from the command line

• Manage profile with the command line

• Linux process scheduling

Section 5: Managing SElinux security

• SELinux security concepts

• SELinux protection (DAC vs MAC)

• SELinux context

• Lab- SELinux context

• Practical approach to understand SELinux security

• SELinux modes

• Toggling the SELinux modes temporarily

• Toggling the SELinux modes permanently

• Lab- SELinux security

• Industrial project on SELinux security-1

• Industrial project on SELinux security-2

• Industrial project on SELinux security-3

• Industrial project on SELinux security-4

• Lab- change the SELinux context

• Define SELinux default file context policies

• Lab- SELinux default file context policies

• SELinux Booleans

• Lab 1- SELinux Booleans

• Lab 2- SELinux Booleans

Section 6: Manage basic storage

• Overview of partition disk

• MBR partition scheme

• MBR- Master Boot Record

• Limitation of MBR partition scheme

• GPT partition scheme

• Manage partitions

• Lab- create partition using parted command

• Lab- create partition using single command

• Lab- create file systems

• Lab- persistently mount file system

• lsblk command to scan the block devices

• Swap space concepts

• Create a swap partition

• Activate swap space

• Activate swap space persistently

• Set swap space priority

Section 7: Manage storage stack-LVM

• Overview of LVM- Logical volume manager

• Features of LVM

• Architectural overview of LVM

• Architectural overview via diagram

• Lab- create PV(Physical Volume)

• Lab- create VG(Volume Group)

• Lab- create LV(Logical Volume)

• Lab- create a FS and LV

• Lab- Display information about PV,VG, and LV

• Extend a volume Group size

• Lab- Extend a volume Group size

• Extend a logical volume size

• Lab- Extend an XFS file system

• Lab- Extend an EXT4 file system

• Extend swap space logical volumes

• Reduce volume group storage

• Remove a logical volume

• Remove the volume group

Section 8: Manage layered storage

• Overview of stratis storage management

• Install and enable stratis

• Create stratis pools

• Manage stratis file system

• Create a stratis file system snapshot

• Persistently mount stratis file systems

• Industrial Project- Lab 1

• Industrial Project- Lab 2

• Industrial Project- Lab 3

• Industrial Project- Lab 4

• Industrial Project- Lab 5

• Industrial Project- Lab 6

Section 9: Access network-attached storage

• Overview of NFS in Linux

• Accessing exported NFS directories

• Query a server's exported NFS directories

• Create local yum server to install NFS package

• Lab- Install NFS package

• Lab- Create a NFS file system

• Lab- Export the file system

• Lab- Configure NFS client

• Lab- Mount the exported FS on client

• Lab- Unmount the exported FS

• Mount NFS exports with the Automounter

• Lab 1- Setup automount using Indirect Map

• Lab 2- Setup automount using Indirect Map

• Lab 3- Check the Autofs working

• Lab 4- Automatically unmount the file system if it is not being accessed.

• Lab 1- Industrial project on Indirect Wildcard Maps

• Lab 2- Industrial project on Indirect Wildcard Maps

• Lab 3- Industrial project on Indirect Wildcard Maps

• Lab 4- Industrial project on Indirect Wildcard Maps

• Lab 5- Industrial project on Indirect Wildcard Maps

Section 10: Control the boot process

• Booting process of RHEL 9 system

• Reboot and Shutdown

• System Target

• Select a target at runtime

• Set a default target

• Select a target at boot time

• Reset the root passwd using Rd.Break

• Reset the root password using RHEL9 ISO

• Repairing System boot Issues- Rescue mode

• Boot RHEL 9 into Emergency mode

• Enabling the early debug Shell

• Repair file system issues at boot

• Repair file system- Misconfiguration in the /etc/fstab

• Repair file system- Root FS corruption

Section 11: Run Containers

• Introducing container technology

• Container images and registries

• Authenticate to registry- Podman login

• Conf file of container registries

• Container files to Build container Images

• The Podman Utility

• Install Container Utilities

• Search a container Image

• Examine container image- skopeo inspect

• Create a container image using containerfile

• Inspect the container image

• Run containers

• Create and start container

• Run a container from a remote repository

• Run a ubuntu container

• Run an Apache webserver container on port 8080

• Environment isolation in containers

• Podman exec- executes a command inside a running container

• Remove containers and images

• Manage container resources

• Environment variable for containers

• Run a MariaDB container while passing environment variables

• Ephemeral nature of container storage

• Container Persistent storage

• Attach the persistent storage to a container

• Assign a port mapping to containers

• Map the container host port on the container (MariaDB)

Part 2: Course Content

Red Hat Training and Certification - RHEL 8 (RH134)

Introduction

• Overview about the Course Module

Scheduling Future Tasks

• Overview of Scheduling Tasks

• Scheduling a Deferred User Job

• Controlling Nice Values with Queue Designations

• Scheduling Recurring User Jobs

• Scheduling a job for a specific time - 1

• Scheduling a job for a specific time - 2

• Practice Lab Session - Scheduling a Recurring User Jobs

• Scheduling Recurring System Jobs

• Practice Lab Session - System Jobs

• Scheduling tasks with Systemd Timer

• Practice Lab Session - Systemd Timer

• Managing Temporary Files

• Cleaning Temporary Files with a Systemd Timer

• Lab - Configure systemd-tmpfiles to remove unused temporary files from /tmp

• Lab - Configure systemd-tmpfiles to periodically purge files from another directory

Adjusting Tuning Profiles

• Overview about tuning profiles

• Managing profiles from the command line

• Lab Session - Tune a server’s performance by activating the tuned service and apply a tuning profile to powersave.

• Process Scheduling & Multitasking

• Displaying Nice Levels from the Command Line

• Changing the Nice Level of an Existing Process

• Lab Session: Influencing Process Scheduling

Controlling Access to files with ACLs

• Access Control List Concepts

• Set ACLs on files

• Default ACLs

• Viewing and Interpreting ACL Permissions

• Lab - set acl on files

• Lab - set acl on directories

• Lab - Mask to limit the set of permissions

• Lab - default acl

• Guided Exercise on ACL

Managing SELinux Security

• SELinux Security Concepts

• SELinux Context

• SELinux Modes

• Apache service without SELinux Protection (DAC)

• Apache service with SELinux Protection (MAC)

• Practical approach to understand SELinux

• Lab - Change context temporary

• Lab - Change context permanently

• Lab - SELinux inheritance and its pitfalls

• SELinux Booleans

• Lab - SELinux Booleans

• Audit logs & Troubleshooting SELinux

Adding Partitions, File Systems, and Persistent mounts

• Partitioning a Disk

• Benefits of disk partitioning

• MBR Partitioning Scheme

• Primary & Extended Partitions

• GPT Partitioning Scheme

• How to identify what partitioning standard is used

• Managing Partitions with Parted

• Creating a file system

• Swap Space Concepts

• Create a Swap Partitions

• Setting the Swap Space Priority

Creating Logical Volumes

• The LVM Logical Volume Manager

• Features of LVM

• LVM Architecture Overview

• Architectural Overview via Diagram

• LVM Components - PV, VG, LV

• Lab 1 - Creation of PV, VG, LV

• Lab 2 - Create File System, Mount Point

• Lab 3 - Remove a Logical Volume

• Lab 4 - Extending and Reducing a Volume Group

• Lab 5 - Extending a LV and xfs & ext4 FS

• Lab 6 - Extend a swap space

Advanced Storage Features

• About Stratis

• Lab - Installing & Configuring Stratis

• Lab - Managing Stratis File Systems

• Lab - Persistently Mounting Stratis File Systems

• Lab - Stratis filesystem snapshot

• Guided Exercise - Create a thin-provisioned file system

• Guided Exercise - Verify file system grows dynamically

• Guided Exercise - Create & access data from Snapshot

• VDO - Virtual Data Optimizer

• Lab - Installation VDO

• Lab - Create & format a VDO Volume

• Lab - Testing Deduplication:

• Recap - Lab

• Lab - Extend & Remove VDO Volume

Controlling the Boot Process

• Booting Process of a RHEL 8 System

• Selecting a systemd target, rebooting & shutting

• Lab Exercise - Determine the default target and change the target into running system.

• Lab - Selecting a rescue mode at boot time

• Resetting a root password

• Repairing Systemd Boot Issues

• Booting RHEL 8 into Rescue Mode

• Booting RHEL 8 into Emergency Mode

• Enabling the Early Debug Shell

• Repair a File System Issues at boot

• Lab - Repair a File System

Managing Network Security

• Firewall Concepts

• Features and advantages of firewalld

• Pre-defined Zones

• Packet flow via firewalld

• Add, remove services from firewall server - Lab Session

• Add http service to allow access the website - Lab Session

• Port Forwarding - allow access a website running on 12345 port

• masquerading, network address translation

• Lab Session - masquerading, port forwarding

• rich rules

• Lab Session - rich rules

Automating Installation with Kickstart

• Overview Kickstart Server

• Architectural Overview

• Lab 1 - Configure dhcp server

• Lab 2 - Configure tftp, pxe boot server

• Lec 3 - Configure httpd, kick start configuration file

• Lab 4 - Configure http repository, start services

• Lab 5 - Boot the Client from Network

Network File System

• Overview of NFS

• nfsconf tool

• Lab - Accessing Network-Attached Storage

• Exercise - NFS Share

• Mounting NFS Shares with Automounter

• Automounter Benefits

• Lab - Automounter using indirect map

• Lab Session on Indirect Wildcard Maps

• Lab Session on Direct maps

KVM Virtualization

• Overview of Linux Virtualization

• Hypervisor Concept - type 1 & type 2

• Types of Virtualization

• KVM, QEMU & Libvirt Architecture

• virsh command to manager vm's

• Lab Session

Introducing Containers

• Introducing Container Technology

• Planning for containers

• Lab - configure a basic container

• Lab - mapping container host ports to the container

• Lab - stop, restart & remove container

Improving Command-line Productivity

• Writing Simple Bash Scripts

• Lab - Writing Simple Bash Scripts

• Simple Commands in Linux

• Variable, single and double quote, backslash

• Redirection output

• Redirection output - Lab

• Last lecture